Insufficient Data

Insufficient effort responding: examining an insidious confound in survey data.

Insufficient effort responding (IER; Huang, Curran, Keeney, Poposki, & DeShon, 2012) to surveys has largely been assumed to be a source of random measurement error that attenuates associations between substantive measures. The current article, however, illustrates how and when the presence of IER can produce a systematic bias that inflates observed correlations between substantive measures. Not...

Bayesian Reliability Analysis with Evolving, Insufficient, and Subjective Data Sets

Discrete Image Reconstruction from Uncertain and Insufficient Data

Key members: Péter Balázs [1] Mihály Gara [2] Norbert Hantos [3] Kálmán Palágyi [4] Zoltán Ozsvár [5] Founded by: TÁMOP-4.2.2/08/1/2008-0008 program of the Hungarian National Development Agency [6] OTKA PD100950 grant of the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund [7] TÁMOP 4.2.4.A/2-11-1-2012-0001 program of the European Union and the State of Hungary co-financed by the European Social Fund (’Natio...

Separate-Group Covariance Estimation With Insufficient Data for Object Recognition

Many similarity measures used for classification involve the inverse of the group covariance matrices. However, the number of observations available in the training set for each group is, in many cases, significantly inferior to the dimension of the feature space, what implies that the sample covariance matrix is singular. A common solution to this problem is to assume the same covariance matri...

Detecting Errors in Foreign Trade Transactions: Dealing with Insufficient Data

This paper describes a data mining approach to the problem of detecting erroneous foreign trade transactions in data collected by the Portuguese Institute of Statistics (INE). Erroneous transactions are a minority, but still they have an important impact on the official statistics produced by INE. Detecting these rare errors is a manual, timeconsuming task, which is constrained by a limited amo...